A Study on Identifying Problems by the Comparative Analysis of High-Rise Apartment Evacuation Design Codes

Eun-Kyoung, Hwang; Dong-Goo, Seo

doi:2017.31.6.47

Int J Fire Sci Eng > Volume 31(6); 2017 > Article

Fire Science and Engineering 2017;31(6):47-52.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7731/KIFSE.2017.31.6.047 Published online December 31, 2017.

고층 아파트 피난설계기준 비교분석을 통한 문제점 도출 연구

황은경, 서동구

¹한국건설기술연구원 건축도시 연구소
²한국건설기술연구원 건축도시 연구소

A Study on Identifying Problems by the Comparative Analysis of High-Rise Apartment Evacuation Design Codes

Hwang Eun-Kyoung, Seo Dong-Goo

¹Building and Urban Research Institute, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology
²Building and Urban Research Institute, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology

요약

최근 영국 그린펠타워 화재사건으로 인해 범정부차원에서 고층 건축물 화재안전대책이 다각적으로 모색되고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 새로운 피난기준을 도입하기 이전에 각 개별법령에 산재되어 있는 고층 아파트 피난기준 비교분석을 통하여 현행 피난기준의 문제점을 도출하였으며, 향후 고층건축물 피난기준 개정을 위한 기초자료로 활용하고자 한다. 고층건축물 피난관련기준은 크게 건축법, 주택법, 초고층 재난관리법, 소방 시설법 등이 있었으며, 이외에도 지방자치단체에서 별도 자체 기준을 마련하여 운용하는 경우도 있었다. 주요 피난기준을 비교분석한 결과 각 개별법령 관련 기준 상이, 법령규정이외 추가기준 운용, 피난기준의 실효성 등의 문제점이 도출되었다. 이들 대부분은 단일 건축물에 여러 가지 기준 적용시 나타나는 문제로, 향후 관련 기준 개선을 위해서는 관련 부처간 협의가 매우 시급하다.

Abstract

The recent tragic outbreak of fire at the Grenfell Tower in the United Kingdom compels all branches of government to reexamine and reassess the safety measures against fires in high-rise buildings from a broad perspective. Accordingly, this study examined what problems stem from the current evacuation codes by comparative analysis of the high-rise apartment evacuation codes that range over various individual laws before introducing a new evacuation code. The outcome of this study can be utilized as basic data for amending the existing evacuation codes for high-rise buildings. The codes related to high-rise building evacuation include the Building Act, the Housing Act, the Skyscraper Disaster Management Act, and the Fire-Fighting System Act. Some local governments have also drawn up their own codes and put them into practice. Comparative analysis of the major evacuation codes has helped identify a variety of problems, such as different codes being applied to each individual law and ordinance, the use of additional codes other than the provisions of laws and ordinances, and the in effectiveness of evacuation codes. Most of these problems occur when diverse codes are applied to a single building, which means that cooperation among the relevant ministries is urgently needed to improve the related codes in the future.

Key Words: High-rise Apartment, Fire Safety, Evacuation Regulation, Evacuation Capacity, Occupant Density